Effectiveness of Iron-Folic Acid Tablet Programs in Reducing Anemia among Adolescent Girls
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55606/jrik.v6i1.6045Keywords:
Adolescent Girls, Anemia, Iron-Folic Acid, Supplementation, Systematic ReviewAbstract
Anemia among adolescent girls remains a major public health problem because it affects growth, cognitive capacity, learning productivity, and future maternal health. Iron-folic acid tablet supplementation, commonly implemented through schools, is one of the most widely recommended strategies to prevent and reduce anemia in menstruating adolescents. This systematic review aimed to synthesize recent evidence on the effectiveness of iron-folic acid tablet programs in reducing anemia among adolescent girls and to identify implementation factors that influence program outcomes. A structured literature search was conducted in PubMed, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and relevant institutional databases for studies published between 2020 and 2026. Articles were selected using predefined eligibility criteria and synthesized narratively following the PRISMA 2020 approach. The reviewed evidence indicates that iron-folic acid supplementation can increase hemoglobin concentration, reduce anemia prevalence, and improve anemia-related knowledge when supported by regular distribution, adherence monitoring, nutrition education, and school-health collaboration. However, effectiveness is frequently limited by low compliance, fear of side effects, poor understanding of anemia, irregular tablet supply, and weak monitoring systems. The review concludes that tablet supplementation is effective, but its public health impact depends on implementation quality and sustained behavioral support.
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